---------- You calculate local loads (shear, compression, torsion) and calculate buckling in both the spar caps and the web for a conventional spar. Note that the web has 2 buckling modes, vertical (without varying dihedral you'll see a vertical compressive load when it bends) and spanwise (pure buckling of a shear web that's constrained by the shear webs). Simple flat plate buckling is enough to calculate it. ---------- ---------- Hello,I managed to get what I wanted from Euler's Beam Buckling formula. I can send you what I have in Excel format. Does your spread sheet cover all cases "autoreply" talks about. Also I am interested to check skin buckling, as certainly the skin carries load in an aluminum riveted structure. ----------
